President Donald Trump plans to sign a raft of executive orders Monday, his first day back in office, that will set a dramatically different tone for the next four years in Washington.

Many of Trump’s orders are sure to draw legal challenges. But some steps — from declarations to weaken protections for the federal workforce, crack down on undocumented Latin American immigrants and roll back former President Joe Biden’s climate agenda — could have big implications for Maryland.

Gov. Wes Moore’s administration did not immediately respond to questions about how statements in Trump’s inaugural speech may affect Maryland. In a statement, the Democratic governor thanked Biden for defending constitutional rights and prioritizing economic growth for Marylanders and said his team will work with the Trump administration “when we are aligned on those core principles.”

Trump’s inauguration is taking place on Martin Luther King Jr. Day, four years after his supporters stormed the U.S. Capitol and tried to block certification of Biden’s 2020 election. For the first time in more than four decades, ceremonies moved indoors as frigid temperatures gripped Maryland and Washington, D.C.

Here’s what to know about the executive orders Trump is expected to sign in the coming days.

Shrinking the federal bureaucracy

Trump thinks the federal government is too big. He’s tasked the world’s richest man Elon Musk with leading a whole office, the Department of Governmental Efficiency (DOGE), to cut the bureaucracy down to size.

Among swift steps Trump could take to facilitate these changes, he is expected to issue an executive order to make federal employees return to their offices four to five days a week.

And according to The New York Times, Trump wants to make it easier to eliminate the jobs of career civil servants by reinstating an order from his first term that would establish a separate classification of federal workers, known as Schedule F, which would allow his administration to hire and fire them more quickly.

That move could have serious implications for Maryland, whose economy depends heavily on its federal workforce.

About 10% of Maryland workers, or an estimated 327,000 people, are directly employed by the federal government, according to the U.S. Census. The federal government is the biggest single employer not just for counties near D.C., like Montgomery, Prince George’s, and Charles, but also in Harford, Anne Arundel, St. Mary’s, Calvert and Frederick counties.

In Baltimore County, where the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and the Social Security Administration are headquartered, the federal government is the second-largest employer.

All these government workers contribute substantially to the tax revenues for these counties and for Maryland. Comptroller Brooke Lierman estimates that federal government spending accounted for one-tenth of Maryland’s GDP in 2022.

An immigration crackdown

Speaking at his inauguration ceremony in the U.S. Capitol, Trump pledged to take swift and aggressive steps to crack down on undocumented immigrants in the United States. He said he planned to declare a national immigration emergency, send troops to the southern border and declare Latin American cartels “foreign terrorist organizations.”

Moves like immigration raids and attempts to end birthright citizenship are sure to draw legal challenges. It wasn’t clear ahead of Trump’s swearing-in whether he would move forward immediately with his most aggressive anti-immigration policies, but his transition team has also teased orders to close the border to asylum-seekers, commence mass deportations, and end birthright citizenship – a right enshrined in the U.S. Constitution.

If Trump does deliver on his promises to deport millions of undocumented people living the United States, the reverberations would likely reach Maryland.

Nearly a fifth of Maryland’s population was born outside of the United States. The state is home to some 225,000 undocumented people, according to the Migration Policy Institute, accounting for 5% of the state’s population. A tenth of Maryland households have at least one undocumented member.

Commuting the sentences of January 6th rioters

Four years after MAGA faithful charged through barriers, infiltrated the U.S. Capitol, and attempted to block the certification of Joe Biden’s election, Trump was sworn into office under the same roof.

The Department of Justice has charged nearly 1,600 people in that deadly attack on the Capitol, but Trump has promised to pardon many of them upon reclaiming the White House.

Dozens of those charged in the January 6 riot are Maryland residents. Their sentences range from probation to years in federal prison for offenses that include civil disorder, obstruction of Congress, destruction of government property and assaulting, resisting or impeding police officers.

Biden, meanwhile, preemptively pardoned members of the House committee that investigated Jan. 6 rioters to guard against “revenge” by the Trump administration.

On this list of preemptive pardons were Maryland Rep. Jamie Raskin, a prominent member of the House committee, and former U.S. Capitol Police officer Harry Dunn, who ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination to represent Maryland’s 3rd Congressional District earlier this year.

A new climate and energy agenda

Among steps to dismantle Biden’s climate and environmental agenda, Trump is expected to issue executive orders to speed up permitting of pipelines and power plants, exit the international Paris climate agreement, curb support for electric vehicles and cut protections for marginalized communities disproportionately affected by industrial pollution.

As part of his offensive against electric cars, Trump could reprise a move of his first term and revoke California’s waiver allowing it to set higher standards for vehicle tailpipe emissions.

Maryland is required by law to follow California’s vehicle emissions standards and has mirrored the West Coast state’s goal to phase out the sales of gas-powered cars in favor of electric cars. Cutting car pollution is critical to meeting Maryland’s climate goals, since transportation accounts far more greenhouse gas emissions than any other sector in the state.

Trump is reportedly readying an executive order designed to halt the country’s infant offshore wind industry, a step that could also hamper Maryland’s abilities to cut pollution from its power sector. Whether the president plans to take the offensive against offshore wind immediately, or later in his term, wasn’t clear ahead of his inauguration ceremony.

And a shift in federal attention to front-line communities could mean mean fewer protections for communities like Curtis Bay in South Baltimore, which has been fighting a troubled medical waste incinerator and massive coal export facility among other pollution sources near the neighborhood.

More life for TikTok?

After the popular Chinese-owned social media app TikTok briefly went dark in the United States over the weekend, Trump promised action Sunday to keep the platform alive in the United States.

The president said he intends to issue an executive order that would allow ByteDance, the Chinese company that owns TikTok, more time to sell the app to satisfy a new law that would ban its operation in the U.S. Trump officials who previewed the new administration’s agenda did not say whether executive action on TikTok was imminent, according to The New York Times.

Pamela Wood contributed reporting to this story.