Breast cancer is the second most common cancer that affects women worldwide. Awareness of breast cancer symptoms can help ensure timely intervention. Both men and women can develop breast cancer. Monthly self-breast exams are very important. Studies have demonstrated that patients are more likely to find a breast cancer than their providers, because they are more familiar with their body. Exam the chest, under the arms for masses. Look for skin changes, nipple discharge, dimpling or anything that appears to be different from the opposite breast.
If you notice any unusual changes, it’s essential to consult a breast health provider. Early signs may be subtle, but some symptoms could indicate the presence of cancerous cells. Here are some key symptoms to watch for:
A Lump in the Breast or Underarm: A new lump or mass in the breast or armpit area is one of the most common signs of breast cancer. The majority of lumps are not cancerous, but a firm, painless lump that has an irregular shape could be cause for concern. Any lump, hard or soft, should be checked by a healthcare provider.
Swelling in or Around the Breast: Swelling of all or part of the breast with or without a mass can be an indicator of breast cancer. The swelling may also be present in the armpit or collarbone areas, especially if lymph nodes are involved. Tenderness is a common complaint and the majority of the time it is not associated, but a visit with a Breast Surgeon is helpful to determine the source of the pain.
Skin Changes: Pay attention to any changes in the skin around the breast. Common changes include redness, dimpling, or thickening that can make the skin look like an orange peel. Known as peau d’orange, this texture is often associated with inflammatory breast cancer, a rare but aggressive form. Skin irritation, itching, or flakiness, particularly on the nipple, should also be examined.
Nipple Discharge: While it’s not uncommon for nipples to discharge fluid, especially in those who are breastfeeding or recently stopped, spontaneous discharge without any manipulation needs to be evaluated. Regardless of the color. Nipple discharge can be clear, bloody, or contain pus. Nipple discharge can sometimes be a sign of other breast conditions, but it’s always best to get it checked.
Nipple Retraction or Pain: A change in the position or shape of the nipple, such as retraction (when the nipple turns inward), is another possible symptom. Persistent nipple pain or sensitivity changes are also signs that shouldn’t be overlooked.
Breast Pain: Many people associate breast pain with non-cancerous issues, and often, that’s true. Hormonal changes, for instance, can lead to soreness or tenderness, particularly around menstrual cycles. However, unexplained, localized pain that doesn’t fluctuate with your cycle can be a reason to seek further medical advice.
Changes in Breast Size or Shape: Many breast cancer patients notice an asymmetry in the size or shape of their breasts. While natural differences exist, a noticeable, sudden change in the appearance or size of one breast warrants further investigation.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Breast changes are common and often benign, but seeing a doctor can provide reassurance or, if necessary, lead to early diagnosis and treatment. A healthcare provider might recommend a mammogram, ultrasound, MRI or biopsy to better understand the cause of your symptoms.
By staying informed and aware, you’re taking an active role in your health. Breast cancer awareness isn’t just about October – being proactive year-round can make a big difference.
About the Author:
M. Lisa Attebery, DO, FACOS, is the Chief of Breast Surgery for Luminis Health.